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Home > Your application > Gas Hydrates
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Setaram sells the Gas Hydrates technology UNDER IFP's LICENCE (French Petroleum Industry) PA WO 2006/129018 A2 |
Gas Hydrates |
Gas hydrate formation and dissociation – kinetics – thermodynamic properties (Cp)
Various issues relating to the presence of gas hydrates and their formation and dissociation need to be well understood. Plugging of pipelines is one of the main problems encountered by oil and gas companies. With the development of deep offshore extraction, predicting the formation of gas hydrates has become a very important issue. Natural gas hydrates are also a very large potential source of gas that requires further investigation.
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Flow Assurance: under pressure, pipelines can become plugged with gas hydrate in the form of ice. Every oil and gas company has a flow assurance department responsible for detecting and predicting the formation of gas hydrates in pipelines and processing equipment.
Deep offshore extraction: The range of temperatures (down to –1°C) and pressures (up to 400 bar) favour the formation of gas hydrates. The water contained in the drilling muds traps the gas molecules coming from the reservoirs. Plugging of the lines as well as the annular space may cause interruption of the drilling operation and even destruction of rig equipment.
Natural gas hydrates: Gas hydrates occur abundantly in nature, both in Arctic regions and in marine sediments. Methane trapped in marine sediments as a hydrate represents a huge carbon reservoir.
Global warming: The stability of gas hydrates and their effect on global warming may become an issue and need to be investigated. CO2 sequestration: An evaluation is made of the formation of a CO2 hydrate to dispose of fossil fuel CO2 with solid hydrate being the sequestered form.
Other problems: storage and transportation of natural gas as natural gas hydrates (NGH), cold energy storage, desalination. | X |
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HP-MicroDSC: calorimeter for gas hydrate thermal investigations |
Calorimetry, and especially high pressure calorimetry, is an ideal tool for investigating the formation and dissociation of gas hydrates, for determining the kinetics of transformation, and for evaluating the different thermodynamic parameters. The HP MicroDSC, developed in collaboration with the French Institute of Petroleum (IFP), is specially designed for this field of investigation.
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The HP-MicroDSC, resulting from collaboration with IFP, is specifically designed to work under high pressure within a specified temperature range for the investigation of gas hydrates. The HP microDSC has three principal elements: a highly sensitive microcalorimeter, a pair of special high pressure vessels and a specific high pressure gas panel. The microcalorimeter is based on a symmetrical heat flux design. The transducers, made from semiconductors, are located inside a thermally controlled calorimetric block completely surrounding the experimental vessels.
Cooling and heating of the calorimeter are performed through Peltier elements. The main advantage of this design is that no refrigerating fluid (such as liquid nitrogen) is needed to cool the instrument. The minimum temperature that can be reached is –45 °C; the maximum is 120 °C. Development of on-site calorimeters using this principle is available. In order to perform investigations under pressure, gas-tight, high-pressure vessels are designed to work up to 400 bar ( 5800 psi) and to contain 0.5 ml of sample. With this type of
pressurisation, only the vessels are under pressure; the DSC detector remains at atmospheric pressure.
The high-pressure vessels are made of Hastelloy C276, which allows the analysis of corrosive fluids. For investigations on larger amounts of sample, the Calvet BT2-15 calorimeter, with a 10 ml vessel, is available. For investigations at temperatures higher than 120°C, the Sensys DSC is available, with a reduced amount of sample (0.1ml) | X |
Some references
| Some references | X |
IFP (Institut Français du Pétrole) – France
ENSTA (Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Techniques Avancées) – France
PETROBRAS – Brazil
AGIP / ENI – Italy
COLORADO SCHOOL OF MINES (Prof Sloan) – USA HAWAII UNIVERSITY – USA GUANZHOU UNIVERSITY – China | |
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DSC : Pressure up to 1000 bar - 14,500 psi |
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ULTRA HIGH PRESSURE GAS PANELSetaram sells the Gas Hydrates technology UNDER IFP's LICENCE (French Petroleum Industry) PA WO 2006/129018 A2
DSC measurement under very high pressure is of major importance for materials investigation and processes, to study PVT properties, in different fields such as energy (Gas hydrates), food, polymers, process safety, etc.
SETARAM's latest innovation is the Ultra High Pressure Gas Panel that allows DSC and calorimetry measurements up to 1000 bar.
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Mastering High Pressure DSC & Microcalorimetry up to 1000 bars - 14,500 psi |
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HP Micro DSCSetaram sells the Gas Hydrates technology UNDER IFP's LICENCE (French Petroleum Industry) PA WO 2006/129018 A2
DSC measurement under very high pressure is of major importance for materials investigation and
processes, to study PVT properties, in different fields such as energy (Gas hydrates), food, polymers,
process safety, etc.
SETARAM's latest innovation is the Ultra High Pressure Gas Panel that allows DSC and calorimetry
measurements up to 1000 bar.
See more
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An innovative line of Thermal Analyzers (-120 / 830°C) with 3D-Inside technology: DSC, High Pressure DSC, Robot DSC, TG-DSC-EGA |
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The SENSYS evo offers the most precise DSC sensor together with a truly symmetrical microbalance to give YOU a combined TG-DSC system with totally unmatched performance. Additionally both measurement sensors are totally independent,so can be operated independently or simultaneously without compromising performance.
SENSYS evo can be used in various configurations:
- DSC in horizontal or vertical mode
- High Pressure DSC(up to 500 bars at 600°C)
- Robotic DSC, with 48 samples, even under pressure
- Simultaneous TG-DSC-coupling to gas analysis (BET, gas sorption, FTIR, MS)
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Low Temperature Calorimeter (from -196°C to 200°C) |
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BT 2.15Using the SETARAM's exclusive 3D-Sensor calorimetric sensor, the BT2.15 calorimeter offers in-situ low temperature calorimetric measurement possibilities on mixtures, solid or liquid interactions with liquid or gas.
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