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Home > Your application > Fossil energies
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Fossil energies |
Fossil fuels classification and characterization.
Fossil fuels are mainly used for their heat content through combustion. In a first step, it is needed to classify the different fossil fuels, especially in term of fixed carbon. Heat capacity has to be known in the industrial process. Pyrolysis of fossil fuels can also be industrially used. A good knowledge of the gases emitted during the thermal transformation is needed.
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Classification: Due to the large rank of solid fuels, especially coal, a classification based on the composition of the sample is needed. For coal, a standard thermogravimetric determination gives the ratio of moisture, volatiles, fixed carbon and ash.
Characterization: Pyrolysis is a thermal transformation that is very common with fossil fuels. as it produces different types of gases, the combination between thermogravimetry and evolved gas analysis is very helpful for such an investigation.
Combustion: DSC and calorimetry are used to investigate the combustion of fossil fuels and measure the corresponding heat of combustion. As a stoechiometry in oxygen is needed in such a pressure, the sample has to be heated under an adequate pressure of oxygen.
Heat capacity: If the calorific value of fossil fuel is of first importance, the knowledge of the value of its heat capacity is also necessary to establish the heat balance for the thermal process.
Catalysis: The catalytic processes are very common especially for the transformation of the crude oil. Calorimetry provides different applications to characterize the catalyts and to investigate the catalytic reactions. | X |
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Labsys, Sensys, C80, Line 96 |
According to the applications under study, SETARAM offers different thermal analyzers for the investigations of fossil fuels. The thermogravimetric analyzers with DTA or DSC attachments are very well suited for the proximate analysis. The High Pressure DSC is the ideal technique for the combustion experiment. For the investigation of catalytic processes, the Calvet calorimetry offers a large variety of experimentations. See more...
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Labsys: is the very convenient thermogravimetric instrument for the proximate analysis of solid fuels. The sample is firstly heated under nitrogen to measure the moisture content and to pyrolyze the organic matter, then under oxygen to burn the carbon content. The final residue gives the ash content; Combined with a mass spectrometeter or an infrared spectrometer, gases emitted by the sample during the pyrolysis and the combustion are identified. Combined with a DSC or DTA rod, the melting point of ash, helpful for the identification of the mineral content, is detected.
Sensys: provides different tools for the investigation of fossil fuels. The most interesting is the Sensys High Pressure DSC. The sample is put under oxygen pressure in a high pressure container. When heating the sample, the temperature and heat of combustion are precisely measured. Sensys DSC is also ideal for the determination of heat capacity of fossil fuels. Used in the vertical position with a silica reactor, Sensys has developped many applications in the field of gas adsorption or desorption, especially on different types of catalysts used in the oil industry.
C80 calorimeter: the worldwide recognized calorimeter for the catalytic investigations in the gas mode or the liquid mode. Different vessels are available according to the catalytic process under investigation.
96 Line: in the TG mode and the calorimetric mode is a very interesting instrument when large amounts of sample have to be investigated. | X |
Some references
| Some references | X |
Professor Maham, University of Alberta (Edmonton, Canada)
Professor Auroux, Institut Recherche Catalyse (France) UOP(USA) Billiton (Australia) | |
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An innovative line of Thermal Analyzers (-120 / 830°C) with 3D-Inside technology: DSC, High Pressure DSC, Robot DSC, TG-DSC-EGA |
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The SENSYS evo offers the most precise DSC sensor together with a truly symmetrical microbalance to give YOU a combined TG-DSC system with totally unmatched performance. Additionally both measurement sensors are totally independent,so can be operated independently or simultaneously without compromising performance.
SENSYS evo can be used in various configurations:
- DSC in horizontal or vertical mode
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- Simultaneous TG-DSC-coupling to gas analysis (BET, gas sorption, FTIR, MS)
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Reaction, isothermal and scanning calorimeter (ambient to 300°C) |
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C80Using SETARAM's exclusive 3D-Sensor calorimetric sensor, the C80 offers in-situ calorimetric measurement possibilities on mixtures, solid or liquid interactions with liquid or gas.
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Mastering High Pressure DSC & Microcalorimetry up to 1000 bars - 14,500 psi |
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HP Micro DSCSetaram sells the Gas Hydrates technology UNDER IFP's LICENCE (French Petroleum Industry) PA WO 2006/129018 A2
DSC measurement under very high pressure is of major importance for materials investigation and
processes, to study PVT properties, in different fields such as energy (Gas hydrates), food, polymers,
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SETARAM's latest innovation is the Ultra High Pressure Gas Panel that allows DSC and calorimetry
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High-performance modular thermal analyzers (ambient / 2400°C) |
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Widest temperature range (-150 / 2400°C) on the market
Modularity: the different modules DTA, DSC, TGA, TMA can be adapted interchangeably around the same structure
Measurement performance: satisfy unique resolution, precision and sensitivity criteria
SETSYS Evolution is today the state-of-the-art in research-grade thermal analyzers.
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TGA, DTA, DSC and Simultaneous TGA-DTA, TGA-DSC from ambient to 1600°C |
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LABSYS evo- Coupling to gas analysis (FTIR, MS)
- New 3D high-precision Cp sensor
- Cp measurement within 2 % up to 1600 °C
- Calisto software
LABSYS evo offers TGA with simultaneous DTA or DSC and Cp measurement within the temperature range of ambient to 1 600 °C. The LABSYS evo features a NEW high performance top loading balance and a unique 3D high-precision (Calvet type) Cp rod. Thanks to its unique ergonomic design and market leading Calisto software the LABSYS evo offers you the most easy-to-use Thermal Analysis system with uncompromised performance.
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Large volume thermal analyzers (ambient / 2100°C) : Calorimeter, DTA/DSC, TGA-DTA/DSC, TMA |
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96 LINE, a modular line of high-temperature (ambient - 2100°C) and large-volume thermal analyzers
Large sample volume: for analysing bulky, massive and non-dissociable samples (e.g. corrosion studies of mechanical parts, etc), for working on mixed materials (concrete core sample), for detecting very weak variations of mass in TGA (corrosion studies on sheet steel, etc.)
Modularity: the different calorimeter modules (DTA, DSC, TGA, TMA) can be adapted interchangeably around the same structure
96 Line includes:
- MHTC 96 for calorimetric (drop) and DSC measurements
- DTA, DSC 96
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- TMA 96
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More Thermal Conductivity Testing in less time |
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TCiThe C-Therm Technologies TCi is truly a 'one size fits all' thermal conductivity tool. No other instrument can test solids, liquids, powders, and pastes. Within a material type, the technology has the attributes necessary as a lab tool to accelerate your research & development efforts or improve your quality control. As an added bonus, the technology can be migrated to the shop floor to gain insights into your production processes.
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An-easy-to-use Differential Scanning Calorimeter DSC (-170 to 700°C) with a 3-year warranty |
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DSC131 evoDSC131 evo: for testing, QC and academic thermal analysis
laboratories. An instrument designed from the ground up to
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Controlled Humidity Generator |
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WetsysHumidity is known to have a significant influence on the stability of many materials. The controlled humidity generator WETSYS can:
- deliver a very precise level of relative humidity (RH) from 5 to 95% depending on the temperature
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